Condo Buyers: Who They Are and What They Want When Purchasing a Home by Harika “Anna” Barlett, NAR Research Historically, condominiums and co-ops account for around 12 percent of existing-home sales. Results from the 2007 NAR Profile of Home Buyers and Sellers* indicate that between July of 2006 and June of 2007, about one-in-ten home buyers purchased an apartment or condominium in a building with 5 or more units; an additional two percent of home buyers purchased a duplex, apartment or condominium in a building with 2 to 4 units. Condo buyers have characteristics distinct from buyers of other types of homes, and those characteristics also differ between the two groups of condo buyers identified above. Knowing the traits of these buyers, their home feature preferences, and their home purchase process can help real estate professionals better serve these segments of the market, while enhancing their own business. Following is an analysis of those traits based on data from the 2007 NAR Profile of Home Buyers and Sellers and the 2007 NAR Profile of Buyers’ Home Feature Preferences.** Who They Are The median age of the typical home buyer was 39. But the typical buyer of condominiums in buildings with five or more units was younger than the typical home buyer – a median age of 38. The opposite was true for the typical buyer of condos in two-to-four unit buildings who had median age of 41. There were also differences in median household income between all buyers and condo buyers. Median 2006 household incomes of the two groups of condo buyers were nearly the same ($60,400 - $60,700), but about $14,000 lower than the median household income of all buyers, which was $74,000. Some of this income difference is due to differences in household size and the number of income earners. While married couples constituted 62 percent of all buyers, their share among condo buyers in 5+ unit buildings was less than one-third, and among condo buyers in 2-4 unit buildings was 44 percent. Forty-one percent of 5+ unit building condo buyers and 29 percent of buyers of condos in 2-4 unit buildings were single females, compared to 20 percent of all buyers. Condo buyers also tend to have fewer children under 18 living at home. While households with no children accounted for 60 percent of all buyers, their share was more than 80 percent among all condo buyers. Condo buyers in 5+ unit buildings were more racially diverse than their counterparts who purchased condos in 2-4 unit buildings. Among the first group, 77 percent identified themselves as white, compared to 84 percent among the second group. Sixteen percent of the first group of buyers were born outside United States, and seven percent reported a language other than English as their primary language, compared to 9 percent and 4 percent of the second group, respectively. Compared to all buyers, the shares of first-time buyers were also higher among both groups of condo purchasers. More than half of condo buyers in 5+ unit buildings (53 percent), and nearly half of condo buyers in 2-4 unit buildings (48 percent) were first-time buyers. For all buyers, the share of first-time purchasers was 41 percent. Geographically, the share of condo buyers in a 2-4 unit building was proportionally much higher in the Northeast, and smaller in the South and the West. The share of those who purchased a condo in a 5+ unit building was proportionally lower in the South and higher in the West. Why They Purchased a Home and How Long They Expect to Own it Condo buyers were more likely than all buyers to report that the primary reason for their home purchase was a desire to own a home of their own or establish a household (41 percent among buyers in 5+ unit buildings and 38 percent among buyers in 2-4 unit buildings, compared to 33 percent for all buyers). Those who purchased a condo in a 2-4 unit building also had a higher tendency than other home buyers, including other condo buyers, to have traded down to a smaller size home (10 percent among buyers in 2-4 unit buildings; 6 percent among buyers in 5+ unit buildings; 4 percent of all home buyers). Those who purchased a condo in a building with 5+ units were more likely than others to cite financial security reasons for their home purchase. Additionally, one-in-ten condo buyers mentioned it was very likely that they would buy another home within two years (comparable number among all buyers was 7 percent). Condo buyers in 5+ unit buildings reported they expect to stay in the home they purchased for a median of five years, and those in 2-4 unit buildings for a median of 10 years – similar to results for all buyers. Among recent home buyers who had owned and recently sold a condo, their actual tenure in the condo they sold was five years for those who sold a condo in a 5+ unit building, and seven years for those who sold one in a 2-4 unit building. What They Purchased and Where Overall, slightly over one-in-five home buyers purchased a newly built home, and the rest purchased a previously owned home. The results were similar for all condo purchasers. Nearly half of condos purchased in buildings with 5+ units (47 percent) were located in urban or city areas, compared with about one quarter of condos in 2-4 unit buildings (26 percent). These percent ages are significantly larger than the 16 percent of all recently purchased homes located in these areas. Fifty-six percent of all recently purchased homes were located in suburban areas. The comparable shares were about one third among recently purchased condos in 5+ unit buildings, and 42 percent among those in 2-4 unit buildings. Only about ten percent of condos in 5+ unit buildings were located in small towns, compared to one-quarter of condos in 2-4 unit buildings, and 16 percent of all homes. The median size of recently purchased condos in 5+ unit buildings was 1,110 square feet with a median price of $210,000. That was much smaller but more expensive than the 1,550 square foot median size of condos in 2-4 unit buildings, which cost a median of $173,000. Condo buyers in 5+ unit buildings cited size of the home as the biggest compromise they made among the characteristicsof the home they purchased. Factors That Influenced Neighborhood Choice The quality of neighborhood, the most frequently cited reason impacting buyers’ choice of a neighborhood, was somewhat more important for condo buyers in 2-4 unit buildings than other condo buyers. For those buyers in buildings with 5+ units, convenience to job was equally important as the quality of the neighborhood. Overall affordability of homes, convenience to friends or family, quality of the school district, and home in a planned community were more important factors among buyers in 2-4 unit buildings. Convenience to entertainment or leisure activities, parks or recreational facilities, and public transportation were more influential among buyers in buildings with 5+ units. How the Importance of Desirable Home Features Differed Among Condo Buyers While energy efficiency of a home, central air conditioning, a garage, and a walk-in closet in master bedroom were among the most desirable features for most home buyers during their search for a home, there were significant differences in the importance of many home features for the two groups of condo buyers. Condo buyers in buildings with 5+ units placed more importance on neighborhood features, including proximity to work, shopping, restaurants and entertainment areas, and public transportation, having high speed Internet access, hardwood floors, high-end kitchen appliances, and reserved parking. Condo buyers in 2-4 unit buildings gave higher rankings to finding a home with a garage, or a garage with two or more spaces, an eat-in kitchen, and an air filtration system. Looking for a Home 5+ units used real estate agents (83 percent), the Internet (81 percent), open houses (53 percent), television (8 percent), and billboards (11 percent) to a greater extent than did other condo buyers. While over three-quarters (77 percent) of those who purchased a condo in a 2-4 unit building used real estate agents, they also used home books or magazines (32 percent) to a larger extent than the first group. For both groups of condo buyers, when it came to finding the home they finally purchased, the most frequently reported information source was real estate agents. Indeed, over one-third of condo buyers in each group indicated they first found the home they purchased through a real estate agent. But there were also significant differences between the two groups. Those who bought a condo in a building with 5+ units were more likely to first hear about their condo via the Internet (29 percent versus 22 percent), and those who purchased a condo in 2-4 unit buildings were more likely to have found it through a friend, relative, or neighbor (11 percent versus 7 percent). Real Estate Professionals and Condo Buyers Home buyers who work with an agent most frequently rely on friends, relatives, or neighbors for referrals to help them find their real estate agent. For more than half of condo buyers in 2-4 unit buildings this was the most dominant way of finding an agent. Although much less frequently, buyers in this group also reported more often than other buyers to have found their agents through personal contact by agent by telephone, mail, email, etc. While 42 percent of condo buyers in buildings with 5+ units also relied on referrals by friends or relatives, buyers in this group were more likely than other condo buyers to find their agents through the Internet, through referral by another real estate agent or broker, or by walking into or calling a real estate office. Among the benefits provided by their real estate agents, condo buyers were more likely than other home buyers to report that their agents helped them understand the home buying process, negotiated better sales contract terms for them, provided a better list of service providers, and a better list of mortgage lenders. This is probably because a greater share of condo purchasers were first-time buyers and consequently unfamiliar with the home purchase transaction process. Conclusion Knowing the demographic characteristics and specific needs of different segments of home buyers help real estate professionals develop better ways to communicate and target their services according to the needs and requirements of their clients. Additionally, since referrals are the best source of future business, improved service also improves real estate agents’ business. While housing market activity is slower than in recent years, there are still over six million households a year purchasing homes. Housing continues to be a good long-term investment and the best way of wealth accumulation for most households. The condo market is especially important for first-time buyers and those trading down to a smaller size home, and will continue to constitute an important segment of the market. Many first-time buyers with a desire to own a home of their own start by purchasing a condo. As reported by recent condo buyers, real estate agents can particularly add value to the home purchase transaction by helping these buyers understand the home buying process, negotiating better price and contract terms, and providing guidance for additional services required during the complex process of home purchase. *In August 2007, NAR mailed an eight-page questionnaire to a national sample of 150,000 home buyers and sellers who purchased their homes between July 2006 and June 2007, according to county records. It generated 9,966 usable responses; the adjusted response rate was 6.9 percent. All information is characteristic of the 12-month period ending in June 2007 with the exception of income data, which are for 2006. Due to rounding and omissions for space, percentage distributions for some findings may not add up to 100 percent. **The complete 2007 NAR Profile of Home Buyers and Sellers is available for purchase online. Buy it now>. Or it can be ordered by calling 1-800-874-6500. The cost is $50 for NAR members and $125 for non-members. |  | | | | |